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POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING

Protection & Coordination Selectivity Studies

Analytical power system modeling, ETAP simulations, and rigorous numerical relay parameterization to ensure ultra-fast fault clearing and maximum operational continuity.

Registered Engineering Practice
Grid Code & Utility Compliance
Advanced ETAP Simulation
Field Expertise up to 500 kV

The Operational Challenge

Inaccurate relay settings and missing coordination studies cause cascading nuisance trips, catastrophic damage to critical transformers and generators, and severe grid non-compliance penalties.

Our Engineering Solution

We build comprehensive power system models for industrial facilities and utility substations, determining symmetrical and asymmetrical fault currents, plotting coordinated time-current curves (TCC), and supplying validated configuration files.

  • Selective fault isolation in milliseconds without tripping upstream feeders.
  • Full compliance with IEEE, IEC, and national grid operator criteria.
  • Mitigation of electrical hazards through IEEE 1584 Arc Flash hazard analysis.
  • Comprehensive technical support for utility interconnection approval.
TECHNICAL DELIVERABLES

Technical Capabilities & Engineering Deliverables

From analytical system calculations to numerical IED configuration files

Short-Circuit & Load Flow Studies

Comprehensive network modeling in ETAP software determining balanced and unbalanced fault currents in strict accordance with ANSI/IEEE and IEC 60909 standards.

Key Engineering Deliverables:

  • Maximum and minimum fault current analytical report
  • Circuit breaker and switchgear interrupting rating evaluation
  • Steady-state load flow and busbar voltage profile analysis
  • Cable, transformer, and bus duct thermal rating validation

Protection Coordination & Selectivity

Rigorous calculation of Time-Current Characteristic (TCC) curves ensuring time and current grading across all protective stages from generation to low-voltage feeders.

Key Engineering Deliverables:

  • Coordinated TCC response plots and grading margins
  • Parameter settings for 50/51, 50N/51N, 67, 21, 87T, 87L, 59/27 functions
  • Optimized clearing times mitigating arc energy while preserving selectivity
  • Master relay setting schedule for field implementation

Numerical Relay Parameterization (IEDs)

Engineering and validation of configuration files and programmable logic schemes for leading global relay manufacturers (SEL, Siemens, Schneider, ABB/Hitachi).

Key Engineering Deliverables:

  • Vendor-specific configuration files (.CID, .ICD, .RVD, .ENV)
  • Teleprotection and fast logic inter-tripping schemes
  • CT and VT dimensioning and saturation curve checks
  • Trip matrix verification and custom boolean logic schemes

Arc Flash Hazard Analysis (IEEE 1584)

Determination of incident energy levels and arc flash boundary distances across medium- and low-voltage switchgear per IEEE 1584 and NFPA 70E.

Key Engineering Deliverables:

  • Incident energy calculations (cal/cm²) across all electrical buses
  • PPE category classification and safe work boundary definition
  • Compliant multi-language warning labels for electrical equipment
  • Practical engineering recommendations to reduce incident energy

Engineering Software & Supported Hardware

Advanced analytical suites and multi-vendor numerical IED mastery

ETAP Software SuiteIEEE 1584-2018IEC 60909 / ANSI C37Grid Code ComplianceSEL AcSELerator QuickSetSiemens DIGSI 4 & 5Schneider Easergy Studio & S1 AgileHitachi PCM600GE Enervista
PLATFORMS & INSTRUMENTATION

Engineering Software & Modeling Suites

Industry-standard simulation and drafting software utilized for power system design and analysis

ETAP - Power System SimulatorPower Simulation & Protection

ETAP - Power System Simulator

Comprehensive electrical network modeling for short-circuit analysis (ANSI/IEC), steady-state load flow, and Time-Current Coordination (TCC) curve development.

Short-CircuitTCC CoordinationArc Flash IEEE 1584Grid Compliance
AutoCAD Electrical / Substation LayoutsElectrical CAD & Schematic Design

AutoCAD Electrical / Substation Layouts

Engineering development of executive single-line diagrams, high-voltage substation physical arrangements, three-line schematics, and relay panel wiring.

Single-Line DiagramsSubstation LayoutsProtection Panels
ATP / ATPDrawElectromagnetic Transients (EMTP)

ATP / ATPDraw

Detailed simulation of high-voltage electromagnetic transients, breaker switching overvoltages, lightning strike surges, and insulation coordination.

EMTP TransientsInsulation CoordinationSwitching Surges
SKM Power*Tools (PTW)Industrial Analysis & Selectivity

SKM Power*Tools (PTW)

Analytical evaluation of complex industrial power distribution networks, circuit breaker interrupting duty checks, and arc flash hazard evaluations.

Industrial SelectivityArc Flash AnalysisIEEE / NFPA Standards
FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Technical details regarding scope, lead time, and deliverables

What is the typical lead time for a protection coordination study?

Lead time depends on network size and relay count. Standard medium-voltage facilities take between 15 to 30 business days, including interim reports for utility or grid operator alignment.

Do you provide formal engineering certification and sign-off?

Yes. All our studies and reports are signed by licensed, credentialed professional electrical engineers with full legal and regulatory backing.

Can KR Engenharia also inject and test settings on-site?

Absolutely. In addition to theoretical studies, our field commissioning engineers can flash the parameter files onto the IEDs and execute secondary injection tests with OMICRON test sets to verify tripping behavior.

Need a Certified Protection & Selectivity Study?

Discuss your project scope with our power system specialists and receive an authoritative technical proposal.

REQUEST TECHNICAL PROPOSAL / SCOPE REVIEW
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